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Topic: Rest and Motion

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Learning Outcomes

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

1. Define the terms rest and motion with reference to a reference point.

2. Differentiate between rest and motion using real-life examples.

3. Understand the importance of a reference point in determining motion.

4. Identify objects in rest or motion in a given situation.

5. Explain relative nature of motion.

6. Apply the concept of rest and motion in daily life observations.

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Short Notes

1. Rest

An object is said to be at rest if it does not change its position with respect to a reference point.

🟢 Example: A book lying on a table is at rest with respect to the table.

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2. Motion

An object is in motion if it changes its position with respect to a reference point over time.

🟢 Example: A moving car changes its position with respect to trees or buildings on the roadside.

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Assessment Questions

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I. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. An object is said to be at rest if:
   a) It is moving fast
   b) It does not change its position with time
   c) It changes its position with respect to time
   d) It rotates continuously
   ✅ Answer: b

2. Which of the following is an example of motion?
   a) A car parked in a garage
   b) A sleeping dog
   c) A ceiling fan switched off
   d) A flying bird
   ✅ Answer: d

3. What is needed to determine whether an object is in motion?
   a) Speed
   b) Mass
   c) Reference point
   d) Force
   ✅ Answer: c

4. A person sitting in a moving bus is:
   a) In motion with respect to bus
   b) At rest with respect to ground
   c) At rest with respect to other passengers
   d) In motion with respect to driver
   ✅ Answer: c

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II. Short Answer Questions

1. Define rest and motion. Give one example each.
   ➤ Rest is the state in which an object does not change its position with time relative to a reference point (e.g., a book on a table).
   ➤ Motion is the state in which an object changes its position with time relative to a reference point (e.g., a running boy).

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2. What is a reference point? Why is it important in determining motion?
   ➤ A reference point is a fixed object or place used to observe and compare the position of a moving object. It helps in deciding whether an object is in motion or at rest.

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3. Why do we say motion is relative? Give an example.
   ➤ Motion is relative because it depends on the observer’s point of view. For example, a person sitting in a train is at rest with respect to co-passengers but in motion with respect to trees outside.

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